OBJECTIVE Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been widely applied to treat patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). However, meta-analyses on the efficacy of SLIT in AR patients with asthma are still limited. METHODS Literature without language limitation published before October 28, 2022, were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. STATA 16.0 software was used for the meta-analysis of the extracted data. The results reported were symptom scores, drug scores, adverse effects rates, and cost of treatment. RESULTS Ten studies involving 1722 patients met the inclusion criteria. The total rhinitis score (TRSS) (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -1.23, 95% CI: -1.39--1.06, P < .001) and total asthma symptom score (TASS) (WMD = -1.00, 95% CI: -1.12-0.89, P < .001) were significantly lower in the SLIT group than the placebo group. The SLIT group had higher rates of treatment-related adverse events (relative risk [RR] = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.77-4.48, P < .001) and total costs of treatment (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.45-0.97, P < .001). There was no significant difference in inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) dose (P = .195), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) (P = .158), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (P = .237), and direct costs of treatment (P = .630) between the SLIT and placebo groups. CONCLUSION SLIT may be a therapeutic method for improving rhinitis symptoms and asthma symptoms in AR patients with asthma. However, as there was significant heterogeneity in results, more high-quality and well-designed studies are needed in the future to elucidate the efficacy of SLIT.

中文翻译：

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舌下免疫治疗对过敏性鼻炎哮喘患者的疗效：系统评价和荟萃分析。

目的舌下免疫治疗（SLIT）已广泛应用于治疗过敏性鼻炎（AR）患者。然而，关于 SLIT 对 AR 哮喘患者疗效的荟萃分析仍然有限。方法 2022 年 10 月 28 日之前发表的无语言限制的文献，检索自 PubMed、EMBASE 和 Cochrane 图书馆。使用STATA 16.0软件对提取的数据进行荟萃分析。报告的结果包括症状评分、药物评分、不良反应率和治疗费用。结果 涉及 1722 名患者的 10 项研究符合纳入标准。鼻炎总评分 (TRSS)（加权平均差 [WMD] = -1.23，95% CI：-1.39--1.06，P < .001）和哮喘症状总评分 (TASS)（WMD = -1.00，95% CI：-1.39--1.06，P < .001） : -1.12-0.89, P < .001) SLIT 组显着低于安慰剂组。SLIT 组的治疗相关不良事件发生率较高（相对风险 [RR] = 2.82，95% CI：1.77-4.48，P < .001）和治疗总费用（标准化平均差 [S​​MD] = 0.71，95） % CI：0.45-0.97，P < .001）。吸入皮质类固醇 (ICS) 剂量 (P = .195)、呼出一氧化氮 (FeNO) 分数 (P = .158)、1 秒用力呼气量 (FEV1) (P = .237) 和呼气量没有显着差异。 SLIT 组和安慰剂组之间的直接治疗费用 (P = .630)。结论 SLIT可能是改善AR合并哮喘患者鼻炎症状和哮喘症状的一种治疗方法。然而，由于结果存在显着的异质性，未来需要更多高质量和精心设计的研究来阐明 SLIT 的功效。