The Southern Permian basin in central Europe contains a number of important high-grade sediment-hosted Cu deposits. Laterally extensive stratabound Cu and Zn-Pb sulfide mineralized rocks are located at a major stratigraphic redox boundary, where coarse-grained continental sandstones of the uppermost Rotliegend Group are overlain by carbonaceous mudstones (T1) and limestones (Ca1) of the Zechstein Formation. This study investigates the diagenetic evolution and style of sulfide mineralization in three drill cores that intersect Cu and Zn-Pb sulfide mineralized rocks at three locations (Sangerhausen, Allstedt, and Wallendorf) in the Saale subbasin (Eastern Germany), which is located at the southern margin of the Southern Permian basin. We combine macro- to microscale petrographic data (binocular, transmitted and reflected light, and scanning electron microscopy) with quantitative X-ray diffractometry and bulk-rock geochemical analyses. Petrographic results show extensive, primary-porosity-occluding, early diagenetic calcite cementation that predates both the diagenetic alteration of detrital clasts and sulfide mineralization. The highest-grade Cu and Zn-Pb sulfides (bornite, sphalerite, and galena) replace the calcite cement, with subordinate replacement of dolomite and detrital clasts. Quantitative mineralogical and geochemical data demonstrate that the highest base metal (Cu, Zn, and Pb) concentrations are associated with carbonate-rich samples, mostly as disseminated mineralization in the middle T1. Bulk-rock geochemical results show enrichment and covariation of redox-sensitive trace elements (RSTEs, e.g., Mo) with total organic carbon content toward the lower T1, consistent with highly reducing depositional conditions. Overall, the distribution and dissolution of calcite cement across this stratigraphic redox boundary provided the main control on the lateral migration of base metal-bearing fluids and high-grade Cu and Zn-Pb sulfide mineralization in the Saale subbasin.

中文翻译：

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德国东部萨勒盆地二叠纪 Kupferschiefer 系统中铜和锌铅硫化物成岩历史和成矿时间

中欧的南二叠纪盆地蕴藏着许多重要的高品位沉积物铜矿床。横向广泛的层控铜和锌铅硫化物矿化岩位于主要地层氧化还原边界，其中最上部 Rotliegend 群的粗粒大陆砂岩被 Zechstein 组的碳质泥岩 (T1) 和石灰岩 (Ca1) 覆盖。本研究调查了萨勒次盆地（德国东部）三个地点（桑格豪森、阿尔施泰特和瓦伦多夫）与铜和锌铅硫化物矿化岩相交的三个钻芯的成岩演化和硫化物矿化类型。南二叠纪盆地南缘。我们将宏观到微观岩相数据（双目、透射光和反射光以及扫描电子显微镜）与定量 X 射线衍射和大块岩石地球化学分析相结合。岩相学结果显示，广泛的、原生孔隙闭塞的早期成岩方解石胶结作用早于碎屑碎屑的成岩蚀变和硫化物矿化。最高品位的铜和锌铅硫化物（斑铜矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿）取代了方解石胶结物，其次取代了白云石和碎屑。定量矿物学和地球化学数据表明，最高的贱金属（铜、锌和铅）浓度与富含碳酸盐的样品有关，大部分为 T1 中部的浸染状矿化。块体岩石地球化学结果表明，氧化还原敏感微量元素（RSTE，例如Mo）的富集和协变与总有机碳含量朝向较低的T1，与高度还原的沉积条件一致。总体而言，方解石胶结物在地层氧化还原边界上的分布和溶解对萨勒盆地含贱金属流体和高品位铜、锌、铅硫化物矿化的横向运移起到了主要控制作用。