Abstract

We present new data on mud volcanism accompanied by gas emissions in Lake Baikal. Rupture deformations of the bottom with traces of erupted liquefied sediments were found at depths of 105.0–163.6 m in Malaya Kosa Bay and Goryachinskaya Bay in the North Baikal depression. The deposits, outcropped in the extended scarps and mud craters, are mainly represented by highly porous clays. Scarps of boulder–pebble sediments are occasionally encountered. The areas of mud volcanism are attributed to the zone of the North Baikal fault, indicating its current activity. Clays and the soft sediments covering them are disturbed, which indicates the recent eruption of gas-saturated fluid and mud. Cone-shaped edifices about 5 × 5 cm in size with a crater in a top were found in sediments at depths of 157–162 m in Goryachinskaya Bay. Similar gas plumes were revealed in Solontsovaya Bay along straight-line faults opposite the paleoseismic dislocation of the same name. It is necessary to continue studying the revealed shallow-water manifestations of mud volcanism and rupture deformations of the bottom by integrated geological and geophysical studies.

中文翻译：

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基于水下视频记录的贝加尔湖西北岸泥火山活动新发现

摘要

我们提供了贝加尔湖泥火山活动伴随气体排放的新数据。在北贝加尔湖凹陷的马来亚科萨湾和戈里亚钦斯卡亚湾105.0-163.6 m深处发现了底部破裂变形，并有喷发液化沉积物的痕迹。出露在延伸的陡坡和泥坑中的沉积物主要是高孔隙粘土。偶尔会遇到巨石-卵石沉积物的悬崖。泥火山活动区域属于北贝加尔断层带，表明其当前活动。粘土及其覆盖的软沉积物受到扰动，这表明最近有气体饱和流体和泥浆喷发。在 Goryachinskaya 湾 157-162 m 深处的沉积物中发现了大小约为 5 × 5 cm 的圆锥形建筑物，顶部有一个火山口。在索伦佐瓦亚湾，沿着与同名古地震错位相对的直线断层也发现了类似的气体羽流。有必要通过综合地质和地球物理研究，继续研究揭示的泥火山活动和底部破裂变形的浅水表现。