Carbon nanofibrous membrane (CNFM) materials are commonly black and opaque, and their poor optical performance severely limits their application in emerging fields, such as electronic skin, wearable devices, and environmental technologies. However, it is extremely difficult for carbon nanofibrous membranes to achieve high light transmittance owing to their complex fibrous structures and high light absorption. Few researchers have studied transparent carbon nanofibrous membrane (TCNFM) materials. In the current study, a biomimetic TCNFM inspired by dragonfly wings is fabricated using electrospinning technologies and a self-designed patterned substrate, with the aim to construct a differential electric field. Compared with the disordered CNFM, the resultant TCNFM yields an approximately 18-fold higher light transmittance. The freestanding TCNFMs also exhibit high porosities (>90%), good flexibility, and good mechanical properties. The mechanism by which the TCNFMs achieve high transparency and reduce light absorption is also elucidated. In addition, the TCNFMs display a high PM_0.3 removal efficiency (>90%), low air resistance (<100 Pa), and good conductive properties, including a low resistivity (<0.37 Ω·cm).

中文翻译：

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受蜻蜓翅膀启发的高透明碳纳米纤维膜

碳纳米纤维膜（CNFM）材料通常呈黑色不透明，其较差的光学性能严重限制了其在电子皮肤、可穿戴设备和环境技术等新兴领域的应用。然而，碳纳米纤维膜由于其复杂的纤维结构和高吸光性，很难实现高透光率。很少有研究人员研究过透明碳纳米纤维膜 (TCNFM) 材料。在当前的研究中，采用静电纺丝技术和自行设计的图案化基板制造了受蜻蜓翅膀启发的仿生 TCNFM，旨在构建差分电场。与无序的 CNFM 相比，由此产生的 TCNFM 的透光率提高了大约 18 倍。独立式 TCNFM 还表现出高孔隙率 (>90%)、良好的柔韧性和良好的机械性能。还阐明了 TCNFM 实现高透明度和减少光吸收的机制。此外，TCNFM 显示出高 PM_0.3去除效率 (>90%)、低空气阻力 (<100 Pa) 和良好的导电性能，包括低电阻率 (<0.37 Ω·cm)。