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Income Inequality and Residential Segregation in “Egalitarian” Sweden: Lessons from a Least Likely Case
Sociological Science ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2023-05-10 , DOI: 10.15195/v10.a12
Selcan Mutgan , Jonathan Mijs

Drawing on individual-level full-population data from Sweden, spanning four decades, we investigate the joint growth of income inequality and income segregation. We study Sweden as a 'least likely' case comparison with the United States, given Sweden's historically low levels of inequality and its comprehensive welfare state. Against the background of U.S.-based scholarship documenting a close link between inequality and segregation, our study provides an important insight into the universality of this relationship. Using entropy-based segregation measures, we analyze trends and patterns of income segregation between and within income groups along different sociodemographic dimensions—migration background and family type. Our findings reveal that growing income inequality in the last 30 years has been accompanied by a sharp uptake in income segregation, especially for the bottom quartile of the income distribution who are facing increasing isolation. Income segregation is most extensive for individuals with children in the household, among whom it has increased at a higher rate than those without children. Interestingly, income segregation is lower among non-Western minorities than among majority-group Swedes. We conclude that changes to the welfare state, liberalization of the housing market, and rapid demographic changes have led Sweden onto a path that is difficult to distinguish from that taken by the United States.

中文翻译:

“平等主义”瑞典的收入不平等和居住隔离:从一个最不可能的案例中得到的教训

我们利用瑞典跨越四个十年的个人层面的全人口数据,调查了收入不平等和收入隔离的共同增长。鉴于瑞典历史上较低的不平等水平及其全面的福利状况,我们将瑞典作为与美国进行“最不可能”比较的案例进行研究。在美国奖学金记录不平等与种族隔离之间密切联系的背景下,我们的研究提供了对这种关系普遍性的重要见解。我们使用基于熵的隔离措施,分析了不同社会人口维度(移民背景和家庭类型)收入群体之间和收入群体内部收入隔离的趋势和模式。我们的研究结果表明,在过去 30 年中,收入不平等的加剧伴随着收入隔离的急剧上升,尤其是对于面临日益孤立的收入分配底部四分之一的人而言。家庭中有孩子的个人的收入隔离最为广泛,他们的收入增长速度高于没有孩子的人。有趣的是,非西方少数民族的收入隔离程度低于多数瑞典人。我们得出的结论是,福利国家的变化、住房市场的自由化和人口的快速变化已使瑞典走上了一条与美国难以区分的道路。家庭中有孩子的个人的收入隔离最为广泛,他们的收入增长速度高于没有孩子的人。有趣的是,非西方少数民族的收入隔离程度低于多数瑞典人。我们得出的结论是,福利国家的变化、住房市场的自由化和人口的快速变化已使瑞典走上了一条与美国难以区分的道路。家庭中有孩子的个人的收入隔离最为广泛,他们的收入增长速度高于没有孩子的人。有趣的是,非西方少数民族的收入隔离程度低于多数瑞典人。我们得出的结论是,福利国家的变化、住房市场的自由化和人口的快速变化已使瑞典走上了一条与美国难以区分的道路。
更新日期:2023-05-11
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