In many settings, witnesses can report wrongdoing to internal authorities such as officials within an organization or to external authorities such as the police. We theorize this decision of where to report as rooted in the policing of group boundaries, as the use of different reporting channels symbolically affirms or disaffirms affiliation with different social categories. As such, both witnesses and other social actors have an interest in where witnesses report. We evaluate this theory using villagers' reporting of illegal Taliban activity in Afghanistan in 2017 and 2018, where witnesses could report externally (e.g., to the national police) or internally (e.g., to village elders). We show how responses to wrongdoing arose from the interaction between self and others' attitudes toward the Taliban, and we reveal how reporting can be simultaneously punitive for the wrongdoer and affiliative for the category to which the wrongdoer belongs.

中文翻译：

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从社会协调到社会控制：报道阿富汗的塔利班

在许多情况下，证人可以向组织内的官员等内部机构或警察等外部机构报告不法行为。我们将这种报告地点的决定理论化为植根于群体边界的监管，因为使用不同的报告渠道象征性地肯定或否定与不同社会类别的联系。因此，证人和其他社会行为者都对证人报告的地点感兴趣。我们使用村民在 2017 年和 2018 年对阿富汗非法塔利班活动的报告来评估这一理论，证人可以向外部（例如，向国家警察）或内部（例如，向村长）报告。我们展示了对不法行为的反应是如何从自我和他人对塔利班的态度之间的相互作用中产生的，