浮游动物大型蚤对微/纳米塑料环境相关剂量的累积动力学和肠道微环境响应,Environmental Science & Technology

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浮游动物大型蚤对微/纳米塑料环境相关剂量的累积动力学和肠道微环境响应
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08593
Mengjing Wang _{1,

2} , Wen-Xiong Wang _{1,

2}

Affiliation

微塑料是一种新兴污染物，已在水生生态系统中得到广泛报道。基于对全球淡水系统中与环境相关的微塑料浓度的分析，我们在本文中采用了聚集诱导发射 (AIE) 微塑料荧光素，并对带差异电荷的微 (20 μm)/纳米 (200 nm) 的生物累积进行成像和量化浮游动物大型蚤中的塑料 (MNP). 我们发现所有不同大小和电荷的颗粒都很容易被摄入，尤其是较大尺寸和带正电的 MNP，超过 50% 的摄入颗粒在肠道中积聚。MNPs 的生物蓄积在 1 小时内达到稳态条件的 50%。藻类的存在抑制了 MNP 的摄取和净化。为了进一步证明这种积累对肠道健康的影响，我们进一步应用 AIE 探针来可视化消化道中的 pH 值和酯酶，以及肠道炎症。MNPs 在D. magna中的积累在诱导酯酶活性的同时，显着且快速地诱导肠道 pH 值酸化。与 MPs 相比，NPs 明显诱发了肠道炎症，证明了对氧化应激的尺寸依赖性影响。我们的结果强调，在环境相关浓度下暴露于 MNP 会扰乱浮游动物肠道的微环境，这可能会显着影响它们对食物材料的消化和吸收以及污染物的吸收。

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Accumulation Kinetics and Gut Microenvironment Responses to Environmentally Relevant Doses of Micro/Nanoplastics by Zooplankton Daphnia Magna

Microplastics are emerging pollutants that have been widely reported in aquatic ecosystems. Based on the analysis of environmentally relevant concentrations of microplastics in global freshwater systems, herein, we employed aggregated-induced emission (AIE) microplastic fluorogens and imaged and quantified the bioaccumulation of differentially charged micro- (20 μm)/nano- (200 nm) plastics (MNPs) in zooplankton Daphnia magna. We found that all particles of different sizes and charges were readily ingested, especially larger-sized and positively charged MNPs, with over 50% of the ingested particles accumulating in the gut. Bioaccumulation of MNPs reached 50% of steady-state condition within 1 h. The presence of algae inhibited the ingestion and depuration of MNPs. To further demonstrate the effects of such accumulation on gut health, we further applied the AIE probes for visualizing the pH and esterase in the digestive tract, as well as the gut inflammation. An accumulation of MNPs in D. magna significantly and rapidly induced the acidification of gut pH while inducing esterase activity. The NPs apparently induced gut inflammation in contrast to the MPs, demonstrating the size-dependent effects on oxidative stress. Our results highlighted that MNP exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations perturbed the microenvironments of zooplankton guts, which may significantly affect their digestion and assimilation of food materials as well as contaminant uptake.

更新日期：2023-03-30

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