Groundwater recharge in northern New England: Meteorological drivers and relations with low streamflow,Hydrological Processes

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Groundwater recharge in northern New England: Meteorological drivers and relations with low streamflow
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-16 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14832
Caitlin C. Crossett ₁ , Glenn A. Hodgkins ₂ , Hadley Menk ₃ , Lesley‐Ann L. Dupigny‐Giroux ₄ , Robert Dudley ₅ , Mary Lemcke‐Stampone ₆ , John Hammond ₇

Affiliation

Meteorological drivers of groundwater recharge for spring (February–June), fall (October–January), and recharge-year (October–June) recharge seasons were evaluated for northern New England and upstate New York from 1989 to 2018. Monthly groundwater recharge was computed at 21 observation wells by subtracting the water levels at the end of each month from the level of the previous month; only positive monthly values were used to compute seasonal recharge. Precipitation, temperature, sea-level pressure, 500-mb geopotential heights, and various teleconnection indices were tested as explanatory variables for the interannual variability of recharge using random forest machine learning models. Precipitation within recharge seasons was positively correlated with groundwater recharge for most wells in all seasons. In general, whilst groundwater recharge in the study area was generally highest during the months of March and April, October precipitation was an important month for explaining the interannual groundwater recharge variability. This is likely because the variability in recharge in October may be high or low for given years. Sea-level pressure and 500-mb heights were typically inversely correlated with groundwater recharge during the recharge-year and fall recharge seasons, as higher sea-level pressure and heights are usually associated with clearer skies and less precipitation. The North Atlantic Oscillation, Pacific-North American pattern, and Pacific Decadal Oscillation teleconnections affected groundwater recharge differently by well and season. The influence of groundwater recharge on minimum daily streamflows during the subsequent summer/fall was also analysed. Summer precipitation was the most important explanatory variable for study streams whilst groundwater recharge and summer air temperature were significant variables for a few streams.

中文翻译：

新英格兰北部地下水补给：气象驱动因素和与低流量的关系

对 1989 年至 2018 年新英格兰北部和纽约州北部的春季（2 月至 6 月）、秋季（10 月至 1 月）和补给年（10 月至 6 月）补给季节地下水补给的气象驱动因素进行了评估。 21个观测井按上月水位减去月末水位计算；仅使用正月值来计算季节性补给。使用随机森林机器学习模型测试降水、温度、海平面压力、500 mb 位势高度和各种遥相关指数作为补给年际变化的解释变量。补给季节内的降水与所有季节的大多数井的地下水补给呈正相关。一般来说，虽然研究区的地下水补给通常在 3 月和 4 月份最高，但 10 月的降水量是解释地下水补给年际变化的重要月份。这可能是因为 10 月份的补给变化对于给定年份可能高或低。在补给年和秋季补给季节，海平面压力和 500 米高度通常与地下水补给呈负相关，因为更高的海平面压力和高度通常与更晴朗的天空和更少的降水有关。北大西洋涛动、太平洋-北美模式和太平洋年代际振荡遥相关对地下水补给的影响因井和季节而异。还分析了地下水补给对随后夏季/秋季期间最低日流量的影响。夏季降水是研究河流最重要的解释变量，而地下水补给和夏季气温是少数河流的重要变量。

更新日期：2023-02-16

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