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A Facile Method to Coat Nanoparticles with Lipid Bilayer Membrane: Hybrid Silica Nanoparticles Disguised as Biomembrane Vesicles by Particle Penetration of Concentrated Lipid Layers
Small ( IF 13.0 ) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 , DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206153
Ryosuke Mizuta 1 , Fumihito Inoue 1 , Yoshihiro Sasaki 1 , Shin-Ichi Sawada 1 , Kazunari Akiyoshi 1
Affiliation  

Natural membrane vesicles, including extracellular vesicles and enveloped viruses, participate in various events in vivo. To study and manipulate these events, biomembrane-coated nanoparticles inspired by natural membrane vesicles are developed. Herein, an efficient method is presented to prepare organic–inorganic hybrid materials in high yields that can accommodate various lipid compositions and particle sizes. To demonstrate this method, silica nanoparticles are passed through concentrated lipid layers prepared using density gradient centrifugation, followed by purification, to obtain lipid membrane-coated nanoparticles. Various lipids, including neutral, anionic, and cationic lipids, are used to prepare concentrated lipid layers. Single-particle analysis by imaging flow cytometry determines that silica nanoparticles are uniformly coated with a single lipid bilayer. Moreover, cellular uptake of silica nanoparticles is enhanced when covered with a lipid membrane containing cationic lipids. Finally, cell-free protein expression is applied to embed a membrane protein, namely the Spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, into the coating of the nanoparticles, with the correct orientation. Therefore, this method can be used to develop organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterials with an inorganic core and a virus-like coating, serving as carriers for targeted delivery of cargos such as proteins, DNA, and drugs.

中文翻译:

一种用脂质双层膜包裹纳米颗粒的简便方法:通过颗粒穿透浓缩脂质层伪装成生物膜囊泡的混合二氧化硅纳米颗粒

天然膜囊泡,包括细胞外囊泡和包膜病毒,参与体内的各种活动。为了研究和操纵这些事件,开发了受天然膜囊泡启发的生物膜涂层纳米颗粒。在此,提出了一种高产率制备有机-无机杂化材料的有效方法,该材料可以适应各种脂质成分和粒径。为了证明这种方法,二氧化硅纳米粒子通过使用密度梯度离心制备的浓缩脂质层,然后进行纯化,以获得脂质膜包被的纳米粒子。各种脂质,包括中性、阴离子和阳离子脂质,用于制备浓缩脂质层。通过成像流式细胞术进行的单粒子分析确定二氧化硅纳米粒子均匀地涂有单个脂质双层。此外,当用含有阳离子脂质的脂质膜覆盖时,二氧化硅纳米颗粒的细胞摄取得到增强。最后,应用无细胞蛋白表达将膜蛋白,即严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 的刺突蛋白,以正确的方向嵌入到纳米粒子的涂层中。因此,该方法可用于开发具有无机核心和类病毒涂层的有机-无机杂化纳米材料,作为蛋白质、DNA 和药物等货物靶向递送的载体。最后,应用无细胞蛋白表达将一种膜蛋白,即严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2的刺突蛋白,以正确的方向嵌入到纳米粒子的涂层中。因此,该方法可用于开发具有无机核和类病毒涂层的有机-无机杂化纳米材料,作为蛋白质、DNA 和药物等货物靶向递送的载体。最后,应用无细胞蛋白表达将膜蛋白,即严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 的刺突蛋白,以正确的方向嵌入到纳米粒子的涂层中。因此,该方法可用于开发具有无机核和类病毒涂层的有机-无机杂化纳米材料,作为蛋白质、DNA 和药物等货物靶向递送的载体。
更新日期:2023-01-12
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