Perturbations in lipid homeostasis combined with conditions favoring oxidative stress constitute a hallmark of the inflammatory response. In this review we focus on the most recent results concerning lipid signaling in various oxidative stress-mediated responses and inflammation. These include phagocytosis and ferroptosis. The best characterized event, common to these responses, is the synthesis of oxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids. Major developments in this area have highlighted the importance of compartmentalization of the enzymes and lipid substrates in shaping the appropriate response. In parallel, other relevant lipid metabolic pathways are also activated and, until recently, there has been a general lack of knowledge on the enzyme regulation and molecular mechanisms operating in these pathways. Specifically, data accumulated in recent years on the regulation and biological significance of plasmalogens and oxidized phospholipids have expanded our knowledge on the involvement of lipid metabolism in the progression of disease and the return to homeostasis. These recent major developments have helped to establish the concept of membrane phospholipids as cellular repositories for the compartmentalized production of bioactive lipids involved in cellular regulation. Importantly, an enzyme classically described as being involved in regulating the homeostatic turnover of phospholipids, namely the group VIA Ca²⁺-independent phospholipase A₂ (iPLA₂β), has taken center stage in oxidative stress and inflammation research owing to its key involvement in regulating metabolic and ferroptotic signals arising from membrane phospholipids. Understanding the role of iPLA₂β in ferroptosis and metabolism not only broadens our knowledge of disease but also opens possible new horizons for this enzyme as a target for therapeutic intervention.

脂质体内平衡的扰动与有利于氧化应激的条件相结合构成了炎症反应的标志。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注有关脂质信号在各种氧化应激介导的反应和炎症中的最新结果。这些包括吞噬作用和铁死亡。这些反应的共同点是最具特征的事件是花生四烯酸和其他多不饱和脂肪酸的含氧代谢物的合成。该领域的重大发展突出了酶和脂质底物的区室化在形成适当反应中的重要性。与此同时，其他相关的脂质代谢途径也被激活，直到最近，人们普遍缺乏对这些途径中酶调节和分子机制的了解。具体而言，近年来积累的关于缩醛磷脂和氧化磷脂的调节和生物学意义的数据扩展了我们对脂质代谢参与疾病进展和恢复体内平衡的认识。这些最近的重大发展有助于建立膜磷脂的概念，作为细胞储存库，用于分隔生产参与细胞调节的生物活性脂质。重要的是，一种经典的酶被描述为参与调节磷脂的稳态转换，即 VIA Ca 组 近年来积累的关于缩醛磷脂和氧化磷脂的调节和生物学意义的数据扩展了我们对脂质代谢参与疾病进展和恢复体内平衡的认识。这些最近的重大发展有助于建立膜磷脂的概念，作为细胞储存库，用于分隔生产参与细胞调节的生物活性脂质。重要的是，一种经典的酶被描述为参与调节磷脂的稳态转换，即 VIA Ca 组 近年来积累的关于缩醛磷脂和氧化磷脂的调节和生物学意义的数据扩展了我们对脂质代谢参与疾病进展和恢复体内平衡的认识。这些最近的重大发展有助于建立膜磷脂的概念，作为细胞储存库，用于分隔生产参与细胞调节的生物活性脂质。重要的是，一种经典的酶被描述为参与调节磷脂的稳态转换，即 VIA Ca 组²⁺独立磷脂酶 A ₂ (iPLA ₂ β) 已成为氧化应激和炎症研究的中心舞台，因为它主要参与调节膜磷脂产生的代谢和铁死亡信号。_{了解 iPLA 2} β 在铁死亡和代谢中的作用不仅拓宽了我们对疾病的认识，而且为这种酶作为治疗干预的靶点开辟了可能的新视野。