用于无枝晶和长寿命锂金属电池的高氯酸锂添加剂,Energy & Fuels

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用于无枝晶和长寿命锂金属电池的高氯酸锂添加剂
Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-09-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c02242
Xiangxiang Fu ₁ , Xiaohua Deng ₁ , Yingjie Deng ₁ , Xunhui Xiong ₂ , Yuying Zheng ₁ , Zhen Zhang ₁ , Dai Dang ₁ , Gang Wang ₃

Affiliation

如今，锂（Li）金属被认为是下一代可充电电池最有前景的电极。遗憾的是，反复的锂电镀/剥离处理后库仑效率（CE）差和枝晶锂的发展严重限制了锂金属电池的应用。为了防止反应过程中锂金属的枝晶生长，将适量的高氯酸锂（LiClO ₄）作为添加剂添加到醚基电解质中。当这种添加剂与锂金属结合时，可以在原位形成富含氯化锂和氧化锂的均匀致密的固体电解质界面 (SEI) 层。由于 LiCl 和 Li _{2的一般协同保护}O，产生的SEI具有高离子电导率，允许Li ⁺迁移，导致电场强度分布更均匀，有助于Li均匀沉积，防止Li枝晶的发展。因此，Li||Li 对称电池中的超长循环寿命 (>1500 h) 以及在 1 mA cm ^–2下相对较低的 60 mV 滞后电压证明了优异的电化学性能，这是一种足够高质量的电池。 CE（在 Li||Cu 电池中，电流密度为 0.5 mA cm ^–2下 200 次循环约 96% ），并且提高了 Li||LiFePO ₄完整电池的循环稳定性。

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Lithium Perchlorate Additive for Dendritic-Free and Long-Life Li Metal Batteries

Nowadays, lithium (Li) metal is regarded as the most prospective electrode for the next generation of rechargeable batteries. Regrettably, poor coulombic efficiency (CE) and dendritic lithium development after repeated lithium electroplating/exfoliation treatments significantly restrict Li metal battery applications. To prevent dendrite growth of the Li metal during the reaction, an adequate amount of lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) is added to the ether-based electrolyte as an additive. When this additive is combined with lithium metal, a homogeneous and dense solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer rich in lithium chloride and lithium oxide can be created in situ. As a result of the general synergistic protection of LiCl and Li₂O, the produced SEI has high ionic conductivity, allowing Li⁺ mobility, resulting in a more homogeneous distribution of electric field strength, helping to uniform Li deposition, and preventing the development of Li dendrites. As a result, the superior electrochemical performances are demonstrated by an ultralong cycling lifetime (>1500 h) in Li||Li symmetrical cells, coupled with a relatively low hysteresis voltage of 60 mV at 1 mA cm^–2, a sufficiently high-quality CE (approximately 96% for 200 cycles at the current density of 0.5 mA cm^–2 in Li||Cu cells), and an improved cycling stability in the Li||LiFePO₄ complete cell.

更新日期：2022-09-02

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