Our purpose is to review the economic impacts of Walmart's disruption of the food retailing industry. This review synthesizes the extant knowledge and research findings related to the economic impacts of Walmart's entry into, and subsequent domination of, food retailing in the United States and more broadly globally. The findings suggest five broad generalizations: ( a) Walmart's physical growth in the United States has slowed considerably, but the company is growing rapidly in terms of total assets, digital capabilities, international presence, and sales per square foot; ( b) Walmart's entry and presence are associated with lower food prices for households; ( c) Walmart has considerable negative impacts on large competitors, particularly supermarkets, but the evidence for Walmart's deleterious impacts on small businesses is limited; ( d) there is no consensus on the impact of Walmart on local employment, but most studies on the topic point to a modest increase in retail employment; and ( e) Walmart likely increases food access but does not improve dietary quality.

中文翻译：

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沃尔玛超市的经济影响


我们的目的是审查沃尔玛对食品零售业的颠覆性影响。本综述综合了与沃尔玛进入美国和更广泛的全球食品零售业并随后占据主导地位的经济影响相关的现有知识和研究结果。研究结果提出了五大概括：（a） 沃尔玛在美国的实体增长已大幅放缓，但该公司在总资产、数字能力、国际影响力和每平方英尺销售额方面增长迅速;（b） 沃尔玛的进入和存在与家庭食品价格的降低有关;（c） 沃尔玛对大型竞争对手，尤其是超市有相当大的负面影响，但沃尔玛对小企业有害影响的证据有限;（d） 关于沃尔玛对当地就业的影响没有共识，但大多数关于该主题的研究都表明零售就业人数略有增加;（e） 沃尔玛可能会增加食品的获取，但不会提高膳食质量。