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Dual Electrochemical Microsensor for Real-Time Simultaneous Monitoring of Nitric Oxide and Potassium Ion Changes in a Rat Brain during Spontaneous Neocortical Epileptic Seizure
Analytical Chemistry ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2016-08-29 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02396 Jungmi Moon 1 , Yejin Ha 1 , Misun Kim 1 , Jeongeun Sim 2 , Youngmi Lee 1 , Minah Suh 2
Analytical Chemistry ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2016-08-29 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02396 Jungmi Moon 1 , Yejin Ha 1 , Misun Kim 1 , Jeongeun Sim 2 , Youngmi Lee 1 , Minah Suh 2
Affiliation
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In this work, we developed a dual amperometric/potentiometric microsensor for sensing nitric oxide (NO) and potassium ion (K+). The dual NO/K+ sensor was prepared based on a dual recessed electrode possessing Pt (diameter, 50 μm) and Ag (diameter, 76.2 μm) microdisks. The Pt disk surface (WE1) was modified with electroplatinization and the following coating with fluorinated xerogel; and the Ag disk surface (WE2) was oxidized to AgCl on which K+ ion selective membrane was loaded subsequent to the silanization. WE1 and WE2 of a dual microsensor were used for amperometric sensing of NO (106 ± 28 pA μM–1, n = 10, at +0.85 V applied vs Ag/AgCl) and for potentiometric sensing of K+ (51.6 ± 1.9 mV pK–1, n = 10), respectively, with high sensitivity. In addition, the sensor showed good selectivity over common biological interferents, sufficiently fast response time and relevant stability (within 6 h in vivo experiment). The sensor had a small dimension (end plane diameter, 428 ± 97 μm, n = 20) and needle-like sharp geometry which allowed the sensor to be inserted in biological tissues. Taking advantage of this insertability, the sensor was applied for the simultaneous monitoring of NO and K+ changes in a living rat brain cortex at a depth of 1.19 ± 0.039 mm and near the spontaneous epileptic seizure focus. The seizures were induced with 4-aminopyridine injection onto the rat brain cortex. NO and K+ levels were dynamically changed in clear correlation with the electrophysiological recording of seizures. This indicates that the dual NO/K+ sensor’s measurements well reflect membrane potential changes of neurons and associated cellular components of neurovascular coupling. The newly developed NO/K+ dual microsensor showed the feasibility of real-time fast monitoring of dynamic changes of closely linked NO and K+ in vivo.
中文翻译：
双电化学微传感器用于实时同时监测自发性新皮层癫痫发作中大鼠脑中一氧化氮和钾离子的变化
在这项工作中，我们开发了一种用于感测一氧化氮（NO）和钾离子（K +）的双安培/电位微传感器。基于具有Pt（直径为50μm）和Ag（直径为76.2μm）微盘的双凹电极制备双NO / K +传感器。Pt圆盘表面（WE1）进行了电镀处理，随后进行了氟化干凝胶涂层；硅烷化后，将Ag圆盘表面（WE2）氧化成AgCl，并在其上装载了K +离子选择性膜。双微传感器的WE1和WE2用于NO的电流感测（106±28 pAμM –1，n = 10，在施加+0.85 V时相对于Ag / AgCl）和K +的电位感测高灵敏度分别为（51.6±1.9 mV pK –1，n = 10）。此外，该传感器对常见的生物干扰物具有良好的选择性，足够快的响应时间和相关的稳定性（体内实验6小时之内）。该传感器尺寸小（端面直径为428±97μm，n = 20），针状尖锐的几何形状可以将传感器插入生物组织中。利用这种可插入性，该传感器被用于同时监测活着的大鼠大脑皮层中NO和K +的变化，深度为1.19±0.039 mm，并靠近自发性癫痫发作的焦点。通过将4-氨基吡啶注射到大鼠大脑皮层上诱发癫痫发作。NO和K +动态水平变化与癫痫发作的电生理记录明显相关。这表明双NO / K +传感器的测量结果很好地反映了神经元的膜电位变化以及神经血管耦合的相关细胞成分。新开发的NO / K +双微传感器显示了实时快速监测体内NO和K +紧密联系的动态变化的可行性。
更新日期：2016-08-29
中文翻译：
双电化学微传感器用于实时同时监测自发性新皮层癫痫发作中大鼠脑中一氧化氮和钾离子的变化
在这项工作中，我们开发了一种用于感测一氧化氮（NO）和钾离子（K +）的双安培/电位微传感器。基于具有Pt（直径为50μm）和Ag（直径为76.2μm）微盘的双凹电极制备双NO / K +传感器。Pt圆盘表面（WE1）进行了电镀处理，随后进行了氟化干凝胶涂层；硅烷化后，将Ag圆盘表面（WE2）氧化成AgCl，并在其上装载了K +离子选择性膜。双微传感器的WE1和WE2用于NO的电流感测（106±28 pAμM –1，n = 10，在施加+0.85 V时相对于Ag / AgCl）和K +的电位感测高灵敏度分别为（51.6±1.9 mV pK –1，n = 10）。此外，该传感器对常见的生物干扰物具有良好的选择性，足够快的响应时间和相关的稳定性（体内实验6小时之内）。该传感器尺寸小（端面直径为428±97μm，n = 20），针状尖锐的几何形状可以将传感器插入生物组织中。利用这种可插入性，该传感器被用于同时监测活着的大鼠大脑皮层中NO和K +的变化，深度为1.19±0.039 mm，并靠近自发性癫痫发作的焦点。通过将4-氨基吡啶注射到大鼠大脑皮层上诱发癫痫发作。NO和K +动态水平变化与癫痫发作的电生理记录明显相关。这表明双NO / K +传感器的测量结果很好地反映了神经元的膜电位变化以及神经血管耦合的相关细胞成分。新开发的NO / K +双微传感器显示了实时快速监测体内NO和K +紧密联系的动态变化的可行性。
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