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Novel Lignin-Modified Forward Osmosis Membranes: Waste Materials for Wastewater Treatment
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c03861 Laleh Shamaei 1 , Pooria Karami 1, 2 , Behnam Khorshidi 3 , Ramin Farnood 3 , Mohtada Sadrzadeh 1
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-12 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c03861 Laleh Shamaei 1 , Pooria Karami 1, 2 , Behnam Khorshidi 3 , Ramin Farnood 3 , Mohtada Sadrzadeh 1
Affiliation
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Lignin, the second most plentiful biopolymer, is produced on a large scale as the waste of the pulp and paper industries. Conventionally, lignin is incinerated for energy generation, while less than 2% of the produced mass is converted to value-added products. Herein, we employed hydrophilic sulfonated kraft lignin (SKL) to modify the selective layer of thin-film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membranes. Different concentrations of SKL (1, 3, and 6 wt %) were dispersed in m-phenylenediamine solution prior to the polymerization reaction with trimesoyl chloride-heptane solution. The modified membrane with a maximum amount of SKL (M3) provided 33.5 LMH water flux, a twofold improvement compared to the pristine membrane, when tested in the FO configuration with 2 M NaCl and deionized water as draw and feed solutions, respectively. Moreover, M3 showed a significantly lower flux decline than the unmodified membrane in the fouling experiments against sodium alginate solution as a synthetic wastewater and boiler feed water as an industrial process-affected water of the oil sands industry. The water contact angle decreased from 88.7° for the pristine membrane to 70.6° for M3, indicating the enhanced wettability of the modified membranes by the incorporation of SKL particles. Our work presents a novel application for SKL to be used as a hydrophilic modifier in the synthesis of TFC polyamide membranes with enhanced permeation and antifouling performance.
中文翻译：
新型木质素改性正渗透膜：废水处理废料
木质素是第二丰富的生物聚合物，作为纸浆和造纸工业的废料被大规模生产。传统上，木质素被焚烧用于发电，而所生产的木质素只有不到 2% 被转化为增值产品。在此，我们采用亲水性磺化硫酸盐木质素 (SKL) 来修饰薄膜复合材料 (TFC) 正渗透 (FO) 膜的选择性层。不同浓度的 SKL（1、3 和 6 wt%）分散在m-苯二胺溶液在与均苯三甲酰氯-庚烷溶液聚合反应之前。在分别以 2 M NaCl 和去离子水作为汲取和进料溶液的 FO 配置中进行测试时，具有最大量 SKL (M3) 的改性膜提供 33.5 LMH 水通量，与原始膜相比提高了两倍。此外，在针对海藻酸钠溶液作为合成废水和锅炉给水作为油砂工业的工业过程影响水的结垢实验中，M3 显示出比未改性膜显着更低的通量下降。水接触角从原始膜的 88.7° 降低到 M3 的 70.6°，表明通过掺入 SKL 颗粒增强了改性膜的润湿性。
更新日期：2021-11-30
中文翻译：
新型木质素改性正渗透膜：废水处理废料
木质素是第二丰富的生物聚合物，作为纸浆和造纸工业的废料被大规模生产。传统上，木质素被焚烧用于发电，而所生产的木质素只有不到 2% 被转化为增值产品。在此，我们采用亲水性磺化硫酸盐木质素 (SKL) 来修饰薄膜复合材料 (TFC) 正渗透 (FO) 膜的选择性层。不同浓度的 SKL（1、3 和 6 wt%）分散在m-苯二胺溶液在与均苯三甲酰氯-庚烷溶液聚合反应之前。在分别以 2 M NaCl 和去离子水作为汲取和进料溶液的 FO 配置中进行测试时，具有最大量 SKL (M3) 的改性膜提供 33.5 LMH 水通量，与原始膜相比提高了两倍。此外，在针对海藻酸钠溶液作为合成废水和锅炉给水作为油砂工业的工业过程影响水的结垢实验中，M3 显示出比未改性膜显着更低的通量下降。水接触角从原始膜的 88.7° 降低到 M3 的 70.6°，表明通过掺入 SKL 颗粒增强了改性膜的润湿性。
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