Coal gasification wastewater (CGW) is a typical toxic and refractory industrial wastewater with abundant phenols contained. Two identical anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactors (with (R2) and without (R1) polyurethane (PU) foam) were carried out in parallel to investigate the role of PU foam addition in enhancing pollutants removal in CGW. Results showed that both systems exhibited effective removal of chemical oxygen demand (>93%) and total phenols (>97%) but poor ammonia nitrogen removal (<35%) constrained by ammonia oxidation process. GC–MS analysis revealed that aromatic and other refractory intermediates were dramatically reduced in R2. Moreover, the PU addition had negligible influence on the total soluble microbial products and extracellular polymeric substances contents but significantly alleviated membrane fouling with the operating time 33% prolonged. Microbial community revealed that Flavobacterium, Holophaga, and Geobacter were enriched on PU. Influent type might be a main driver for microbial community succession.

煤气化废水（CGW）是典型的有毒难降解工业废水，含有丰富的酚类物质。两个相同的缺氧/好氧膜生物反应器（带（R2）和不带（R1）聚氨酯（PU）泡沫）平行进行，以研究添加 PU 泡沫在提高 CGW 污染物去除中的作用。结果表明，两种系统均表现出有效去除化学需氧量 (>93%) 和总酚 (>97%)，但氨氧化过程限制了氨氮去除率 (<35%)。GC-MS 分析表明，R2 中的芳烃和其他难熔中间体显着减少。而且，添加PU对总可溶性微生物产物和胞外聚合物含量的影响可以忽略不计，但显着减轻了膜污染，操作时间延长了33%。微生物群落表明Flavobacterium、Holophaga和Geobacter在 PU 上富集。流入物类型可能是微生物群落演替的主要驱动因素。