<br>口腔组及其生态失调：口腔微生物组与宿主相互作用的新见解,Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

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口腔组及其生态失调：口腔微生物组与宿主相互作用的新见解
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.02.010
Allan Radaic ₁ , Yvonne L Kapila ₁

Affiliation

口腔组是生活在口腔中的口腔微生物生态群落（由多达约 1000 种细菌、真菌、病毒、古细菌和原生动物 - 口腔微生物组）和宿主之间动态相互作用的总结。这些微生物形成了一个复杂的生态系统，在动态的口腔环境中与人类宿主形成共生关系。然而，微生物组成受到种间和宿主-微生物相互作用的显着影响，这反过来又会影响宿主的健康和疾病状态。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了口腔组的组成以及口腔中发生的物种间和宿主-微生物相互作用，并研究了这些相互作用如何从健康（益生）状态转变为疾病（益生）状态。我们进一步讨论与牙周炎和龋齿及其后遗症相关的菌群失调特征（例如牙齿/骨质流失和牙髓炎），以及与这些口腔疾病相关的全身性疾病，例如感染性心内膜炎、动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、阿尔茨海默病和头颅病。颈部/口腔癌。然后我们讨论当前评估口腔微生物组失调变化的计算技术。最后，我们讨论了调节失调口腔微生物组的当前和新技术，这些技术可能有助于疾病预防和治疗，包括标准卫生方法、益生元、益生菌、纳米药物输送系统 (nano-DDS) 的使用、细胞外聚合物基质(EPM) 破坏和宿主反应调节剂。

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The oralome and its dysbiosis: New insights into oral microbiome-host interactions

The oralome is the summary of the dynamic interactions orchestrated between the ecological community of oral microorganisms (comprised of up to approximately 1000 species of bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea and protozoa - the oral microbiome) that live in the oral cavity and the host. These microorganisms form a complex ecosystem that thrive in the dynamic oral environment in a symbiotic relationship with the human host. However, the microbial composition is significantly affected by interspecies and host-microbial interactions, which in turn, can impact the health and disease status of the host. In this review, we discuss the composition of the oralome and inter-species and host-microbial interactions that take place in the oral cavity and examine how these interactions change from healthy (eubiotic) to disease (dysbiotic) states. We further discuss the dysbiotic signatures associated with periodontitis and caries and their sequalae, (e.g., tooth/bone loss and pulpitis), and the systemic diseases associated with these oral diseases, such as infective endocarditis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease and head and neck/oral cancer. We then discuss current computational techniques to assess dysbiotic oral microbiome changes. Lastly, we discuss current and novel techniques for modulation of the dysbiotic oral microbiome that may help in disease prevention and treatment, including standard hygiene methods, prebiotics, probiotics, use of nano-sized drug delivery systems (nano-DDS), extracellular polymeric matrix (EPM) disruption, and host response modulators.

更新日期：2021-02-27

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