Environmental pollution caused by heavy metals has received worldwide attentions due to their ubiquity, poor degradability and easy bioaccumulation in host cells. As one potential solution, photosynthetic cyanobacteria have been considered as promising remediation chassis and widely applied in various bioremediation processes of heavy-metals. Meanwhile, deciphering resistant mechanisms and constructing tolerant chassis towards heavy metals could greatly contribute to the successful application of the cyanobacteria-based bioremediation in the future. In this review, first we summarized recent application of cyanobacteria in heavy metals bioremediation using either live or dead cells. Second, resistant mechanisms and strategies for enhancing cyanobacterial bioremediation of heavy metals were discussed. Finally, potential challenges and perspectives for improving bioremediation of heavy metals by cyanobacteria were presented.

中文翻译：

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破译和工程化光合蓝藻用于重金属生物修复


重金属因其普遍存在、降解性差、易在宿主细胞中生物蓄积等特点而受到全世界的关注。光合蓝藻作为一种潜在的解决方案，被认为是一种很有前途的修复基础，并广泛应用于重金属的各种生物修复过程。同时，破译耐药机制并构建对重金属的耐受底盘，可以极大地促进基于蓝藻的生物修复在未来的成功应用。在这篇综述中，我们首先总结了蓝藻在使用活细胞或死细胞的重金属生物修复中的最新应用。其次，讨论了增强蓝藻重金属生物修复的耐药机制和策略。最后，提出了改进蓝藻对重金属的生物修复的潜在挑战和前景。