Diamines are important monomers for polyamide plastics; they include 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, and 1,6-diaminohexane, among others. With increasing attention on environmental problems and green sustainable development, utilizing renewable raw materials for the synthesis of diamines is crucial for the establishment of a sustainable plastics industry. Recently, high-performance microbial factories, such as Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum, have been widely used in the production of diamines. In particular, several synthetic pathways of 1,6-diaminohexane have been proposed based on glutamate or adipic acid. Here, we reviewed approaches for the biosynthesis of diamines, including metabolic engineering and biocatalysis, and the application of bio-based diamines in nylon materials. The related challenges and opportunities in the development of renewable bio-based diamines and nylon materials are also discussed.

中文翻译：

---

二胺的生物合成：研究进展和应用前景。

二胺是聚酰胺塑料的重要单体。它们包括1，3-二氨基丙烷，1，4-二氨基丁烷，1，5-二氨基戊烷和1，6-二氨基己烷等。随着对环境问题和绿色可持续发展的日益关注，利用可再生原料合成二胺对建立可持续塑料工业至关重要。最近，高性能的微生物工厂，如大肠杆菌和谷氨酸棒杆菌，已被广泛用于生产二胺。特别地，已经提出了基于谷氨酸或己二酸的1，6-二氨基己烷的几种合成途径。在这里，我们回顾了二胺的生物合成方法，包括代谢工程和生物催化，以及生物基二胺在尼龙材料中的应用。还讨论了可再生生物基二胺和尼龙材料开发中的相关挑战和机遇。