与巴西亚洲葡萄叶锈病有关的新藻种类的鉴定和致病性,Plant Pathology

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与巴西亚洲葡萄叶锈病有关的新藻种类的鉴定和致病性
Plant Pathology ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-08 , DOI: 10.1111/ppa.13274
Ricardo F. Santos ₁ , Isabela V. Primiano ₁ , Lilian Amorim ₁

Affiliation

亚洲葡萄叶锈病（AGLR）在巴西葡萄栽培中造成严重的农作物损失，主要发生在25°S以下的纬度地区。这项研究的目的是基于系统发育和形态分析以及致病性测试，确定与巴西的AGLR有关的病原体。使用内部转录间隔区2和大的亚基rRNA基因D1 / D2区，总共鉴定出来自六个巴西州的56个单尿素分离株。来自中南部地区的所有50个分离株被分类为热带新孢子虫，而来自东北地区的其他六个分离物被分类为热带新孢子虫。。该结果提供了证据，表明该国可能发生了两次来自不同来源的病原体入侵。对于这两个物种，附生植物均为圆柱状，弯曲，腹足状和透明质，而梭形孢子孢子为短有花梗，卵圆形或卵圆形椭圆形，壁无色或淡黄色，均匀地细化。来自这两个物种的代表性分离株在葡萄Merlot和V上引起典型的AGLR症状。labrusca'Niagara Rosada'。总体而言，不论新藻类种，分离株引起相似的叶病严重程度。与梅乐（20.5％）相比，尼亚加拉罗萨达（Niagara Rosada）的病害严重程度更高（平均病叶面积的40.3％）。这项研究首次报道了与巴西AGLR相关的新藻类的特征。

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Identification and pathogenicity of Neophysopella species associated with Asian grapevine leaf rust in Brazil

Asian grapevine leaf rust (AGLR) causes severe crop losses in Brazilian viticulture, mainly in latitudes <25°S. The purpose of this study was to identify the pathogen(s) involved with AGLR in Brazil, based on phylogenetic and morphological analysis and pathogenicity tests. In total, 56 monouredinial isolates from six Brazilian states were identified using the internal transcribed spacer 2 and the large subunit rRNA gene D1/D2 regions. All 50 isolates from the south‐central region were classified as Neophysopella tropicalis, and the other six isolates from the north‐east region as Neophysopella meliosmae‐myrianthae. This result provides evidence that two pathogen introductions from different sources may have occurred in the country. For both species, paraphyses were cylindrical, incurved, aseptate, and hyaline, while urediniospores were short‐pedicellate, obovoid or obovoid‐ellipsoid, with the wall colourless or pale yellowish, evenly echinulate. Representative isolates from both species caused typical AGLR symptoms on Vitis vinifera 'Merlot' and V. labrusca 'Niagara Rosada'. Overall, regardless of the Neophysopella species, isolates caused similar leaf disease severities. Higher disease severity was observed in Niagara Rosada (average of 40.3% of diseased leaf area) compared to Merlot (20.5%). This study reports, for the first time, the characterization of Neophysopella species associated with AGLR in Brazil.

更新日期：2020-09-08

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