Coordination Chemistry Reviews ( IF 20.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213381
Kamran T. Mahmudov , Atash V. Gurbanov , Vusala A. Aliyeva , Giuseppe Resnati , Armando J.L. Pombeiro
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The pnictogen bond (PnB) is a noncovalent attraction between electrophilic pnictogen atoms, originated from the anisotropic distribution of electron density on Pn in a molecular entity, and a nucleophilic (Nu) region in the same (intramolecular) or another (intermolecular) molecular entity: R–Pn⋯Nu (Pn = N, P, As, Sb or Bi; R = electron withdrawing atom or group; Nu = Ha, Ch, Pn, π-system, anion, etc.). Like the halogen and chalcogen bonds, PnB is a directional noncovalent interaction with a preference for a linear geometry, R–Pn⋯Nu angle approaching 180°. In contrast to the halogen and chalcogen atoms, the pnictogen atoms are able to introduce three electrophilic centres on the Pn atom (on account of the existence of three species bonded to the pnictogen atom), which gives an additional advantage in the use of these weak forces in coordination chemistry. In this review we highlight several recent relevant examples, based on X-ray crystal structure analyses, in which PnB is used as a synthon in the construction and design of coordination and organometallic compounds.
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配位化学中的光子键
光子原键(PnB)是亲电子光子原子之间的非共价吸引,起源于分子实体中Pn上电子密度的各向异性分布以及同一(分子内)或另一个(分子间)分子实体中的亲核(Nu)区域:R–Pn⋯Nu(Pn = N,P,As,Sb或Bi; R =吸电子原子或基团; Nu = Ha,Ch,Pn,π系统,阴离子等)。像卤素和硫族元素键一样,PnB是方向性非共价相互作用,优选线性几何体,R–Pn⋯Nu角接近180°。与卤素和硫族元素原子相反,光子原子能够在Pn原子上引入三个亲电中心(由于存在与光子原子键合的三种物质),这在配位化学中使用这些弱力提供了额外的优势。在这篇综述中,我们基于X射线晶体结构分析,重点介绍了几个最近的相关实例,其中PnB被用作合成和设计配位化合物和有机金属化合物的合成子。