百里香酚的药理特性和分子机制：其治疗潜力和药物开发的前景。,Frontiers in Pharmacology

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百里香酚的药理特性和分子机制：其治疗潜力和药物开发的前景。
Frontiers in Pharmacology ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-06-26 , DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00380
Mohamed Fizur Nagoor Meeran ₁ , Hayate Javed ₂ , Hasan Al Taee ₁ , Sheikh Azimullah ₁ , Shreesh K Ojha ₁

Affiliation

百里酚，化学名称为2-异丙基-5-甲基苯酚，是一种无色结晶单萜酚。它是百里香物种中最重要的膳食成分之一。几个世纪以来，它一直被用于传统医学，并被证明具有多种药理特性，包括抗氧化、清除自由基、抗炎、镇痛、解痉、抗菌、抗真菌、防腐和抗肿瘤活性。本文详细回顾了科学文献，揭示了百里香酚的药理学特性及其在生化和分子水平上对各种心血管、神经、风湿、胃肠、代谢和恶性疾病的多种治疗作用。百里香酚的显着作用很大程度上归因于其抗炎（通过抑制细胞因子和趋化因子的募集）、抗氧化（通过清除自由基、增强内源性酶促和非酶抗氧化剂以及金属离子的螯合）、降血脂（通过增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平并降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的水平和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇在循环和膜稳定中的作用（通过维持离子稳态）作用。这篇综述概述了支持百里香酚治疗活性的当前体外和体内数据，以及有关其预防用途及其作为膳食补充剂或药理制剂或佐剂以及当前治疗药物的治疗价值的挑战。治疗各种疾病。它是天然来源的潜在候选者之一，在百里酚的药物开发中显示出有希望的治疗潜力、药理学特性和分子机制以及药代动力学特性。

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Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development.

Thymol, chemically known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol is a colorless crystalline monoterpene phenol. It is one of the most important dietary constituents in thyme species. For centuries, it has been used in traditional medicine and has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic and antitumor activities. The present article presents a detailed review of the scientific literature which reveals the pharmacological properties of thymol and its multiple therapeutic actions against various cardiovascular, neurological, rheumatological, gastrointestinal, metabolic and malignant diseases at both biochemical and molecular levels. The noteworthy effects of thymol are largely attributed to its anti-inflammatory (via inhibiting recruitment of cytokines and chemokines), antioxidant (via scavenging of free radicals, enhancing the endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and chelation of metal ions), antihyperlipidemic (via increasing the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreasing the levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the circulation and membrane stabilization) (via maintaining ionic homeostasis) effects. This review presents an overview of the current in vitro and in vivo data supporting thymol's therapeutic activity and the challenges concerning its use for prevention and its therapeutic value as a dietary supplement or as a pharmacological agent or as an adjuvant along with current therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases. It is one of the potential candidates of natural origin that has shown promising therapeutic potential, pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms as well as pharmacokinetic properties for the pharmaceutical development of thymol.

更新日期：2019-11-01

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