2024年7月常州大学低碳清洁能源与安全高效燃烧科研团队孙运兰教授课题组2022级硕士研究生戴金宇在Combustion and flame期刊发表了题为“A study on modification of aluminum powder by ammonium perchlorate and glycidyl azide polymer to improve its combustion”的研究论文。

铝粉（Al）虽然具有很高的能量密度，但在燃烧过程中容易结块，从而导致燃烧效率下降。高氯酸铵（AP）和聚叠氮缩水甘油醚（GAP）通常用作固体推进剂中的氧化剂和粘合剂。它们可以在一定程度上促进铝粉的燃烧，但其耦合作用机理尚缺乏研究。本文采用溶解-重结晶法在纳米铝粉表面包覆AP/GAP层。该方法不仅提高了铝粉的燃烧性能，而且有效抑制了铝粉在燃烧过程中的团聚。该研究揭示了GAP的链状涂层结构有助于成功缓解Al颗粒聚集的空间位阻机制。此外，本文还分析了AP/GAP耦合促进铝粉燃烧的机理。这些结果为协同提高Al燃烧性能在固体推进剂领域的应用提供了新策略。

本文采用溶解-重结晶法将GAP和AP依次包覆在纳米铝粉表面，通过透射电镜、热分析、激光点火实验及光谱分析、扫描电镜能谱分析和产物分析等方法，研究了不同Al含量、不同AP和GAP比例对Al/AP/GAP体系燃烧性能的影响。获得的主要结论如下：

GAP的分解加速了AP的分解。对于Al含量小于65 wt.%的Al/AP/GAP样品，随着GAP含量的增加，由于GAP在点火中起主要作用，点火延迟时间减少。而当Al含量达到70 wt.%时，Al/AP/GAP样品的点火延迟时间受AP含量的影响，AP含量高有利于点火。在Al含量一定的情况下，AP: GAP=3:1样品的燃烧时间比AP: GAP=4:1样品的燃烧时间长。综合考虑Al含量为65 wt.%、AP: GAP=3:1的Al/AP/GAP样品燃烧性能最佳，点火延迟时间降低21%左右。当Al含量过高时，会出现严重的Al团聚和不完全燃烧。GAP的链状涂层结构可以形成空间位阻机制，抑制Al的团聚。同时GAP燃烧放热，能迅速打破Al表面的局部氧化膜，使活性Al溢出，发生明显的气相燃烧。Al/AP/GAP体系燃烧会产生更多的氮化物，这些氮化物可以在一定程度上与氧化铝反应，并在燃烧过程中阻碍氧化铝的形成。

  该论文第一作者戴金宇是常州大学2022级能源动力专业硕士研究生，常州大学朱宝忠教授为通讯作者，常州大学是第一作者和通讯作者单位。该研究成果得到了国家自然科学基金面上项目资助！

英文摘要：

Aluminum powder has a high energy density, but it is easy to agglomerate during the combustion process, which can lead to a decrease in the combustion efficiency. Ammonium perchlorate (AP) and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) are commonly used an oxidant and a binder in solid propellants. They can promote the combustion of aluminum powder to a certain extent, but their coupling mechanism is still lacking. In this study, GAP and AP were sequentially coated on the surface of nano-sized aluminum powder by a dissolution-recrystallization method, and the coupling effect of AP/GAP on the combustion of aluminum powder and the influence of the AP/GAP coating ratio on the combustion performance of aluminum-rich fuel were studied by using an ignition laser method combined with a spectrum diagnosis test. The promotion effect of AP/GAP on the combustion of aluminum powder was analyzed. The chain-like coating structure of GAP can form a steric hindrance mechanism and inhibit the agglomeration of aluminum powder. The heat of GAP decomposition at a lower temperature accelerates the decomposition of AP and makes the aluminum powder come into contact with the oxidizing atmosphere more quickly. At the same time, the heat provided by GAP combustion can quickly break the local oxide film on the surface of aluminum powder, so that the activated aluminum overflows. When the content of aluminum powder is constant, the combustion performance of the sample with AP: GAP = 3:1 is better than that of the sample with AP: GAP = 4:1. When the aluminum powder content reaches 65 wt.%, its combustion performance is the best, and the ignition delay is reduced by about 21%. The combustion of the Al-AP/GAP system generates more nitrides. These nitrides can react with alumina and hinder the formation of alumina during the reaction, thereby suppressing combustion interruption.

图解摘要：

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113620

Combustion and Flame：中科院大类分区2区 （2023年12月最新升级版），2023-2024最新影响因子5.8，CiteScore=9.5.

撰稿：2022级硕士生戴金宇     审核：朱宝忠