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Isolation, characterization and toxicological potential of Alternaria-mycotoxins (TeA, AOH and AME) in different Alternaria species from various regions of India.
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-Aug-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09138-9 Mukesh Meena 1 , Prashant Swapnil 1 , R S Upadhyay 1
Scientific Reports ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-Aug-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09138-9 Mukesh Meena 1 , Prashant Swapnil 1 , R S Upadhyay 1
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Alternaria species produce various sorts of toxic metabolites during their active growth and causes severe diseases in many plants by limiting their productivity. These toxic metabolites incorporate various mycotoxins comprising of dibenzo-α-pyrone and some tetramic acid derivatives. In this study, we have screened out total 48 isolates of Alternaria from different plants belonging to different locations in India, on the basis of their pathogenic nature. Pathogenicity testing of these 48 strains on susceptible tomato variety (CO-3) showed 27.08% of the strains were highly pathogenic, 35.41% moderately pathogenic and 37.5% were less pathogenic. Phylogenetic analysis showed the presence of at least eight evolutionary cluster of the pathogen. Toxins (TeA, AOH and AME) were isolated, purified on the basis of column chromatography and TLC, and further confirmed by the HPLC-UV chromatograms using standards. The final detection of toxins was done by the LC-MS/MS analysis by their mass/charge ratio. The present study develops an approach to classify the toxicogenic effect of each of the individual mycotoxins on tomato plant and focuses their differential susceptibility to develop disease symptoms. This study represents the report of the natural occurrence and distribution of Alternaria toxins in various plants from India.
中文翻译：
印度不同地区不同链格孢属物种中链格孢霉菌毒素（TeA、AOH 和 AME）的分离、表征和毒理学潜力。
链格孢属物种在其活跃生长过程中会产生各种有毒代谢物，并通过限制其生产力而在许多植物中引起严重疾病。这些有毒代谢物含有多种霉菌毒素，包括二苯并-α-吡喃酮和一些特特拉姆酸衍生物。在这项研究中，我们根据其致病性质，从印度不同地点的不同植物中筛选出了总共 48 个链格孢分离株。对这48株菌株对感病番茄品种（CO-3）的致病性检测显示，其中高致病性菌株占27.08%，中致病性菌株占35.41%，弱致病性菌株占37.5%。系统发育分析显示该病原体至少存在八个进化簇。基于柱色谱和TLC 分离、纯化毒素（TeA、AOH 和AME），并使用标准品通过HPLC-UV 色谱图进一步确认。最终通过 LC-MS/MS 分析毒素的质荷比进行检测。本研究开发了一种方法来对每种霉菌毒素对番茄植株的毒害作用进行分类，并重点关注它们对出现疾病症状的不同易感性。这项研究代表了印度各种植物中链格孢毒素的自然发生和分布的报告。
更新日期：2017-08-18
中文翻译：
印度不同地区不同链格孢属物种中链格孢霉菌毒素（TeA、AOH 和 AME）的分离、表征和毒理学潜力。
链格孢属物种在其活跃生长过程中会产生各种有毒代谢物，并通过限制其生产力而在许多植物中引起严重疾病。这些有毒代谢物含有多种霉菌毒素，包括二苯并-α-吡喃酮和一些特特拉姆酸衍生物。在这项研究中，我们根据其致病性质，从印度不同地点的不同植物中筛选出了总共 48 个链格孢分离株。对这48株菌株对感病番茄品种（CO-3）的致病性检测显示，其中高致病性菌株占27.08%，中致病性菌株占35.41%，弱致病性菌株占37.5%。系统发育分析显示该病原体至少存在八个进化簇。基于柱色谱和TLC 分离、纯化毒素（TeA、AOH 和AME），并使用标准品通过HPLC-UV 色谱图进一步确认。最终通过 LC-MS/MS 分析毒素的质荷比进行检测。本研究开发了一种方法来对每种霉菌毒素对番茄植株的毒害作用进行分类，并重点关注它们对出现疾病症状的不同易感性。这项研究代表了印度各种植物中链格孢毒素的自然发生和分布的报告。
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