The decreasing cost of electricity worldwide from wind and solar energy, as well as that of end-use technologies such as electric vehicles, reflect substantial progress made toward replacing fossil fuels with alternative energy sources. But a full transition to clean energy can only be realized if numerous challenges are overcome. Many problems can be addressed through the discovery of new materials that improve the efficiency of energy production and consumption; reduce the need for scarce mineral resources; and support the production of green hydrogen, clean ammonia, and carbon-neutral hydrocarbon fuels. However, research and development of new energy materials are not as aggressive as they should be to meet the demands of climate change.

中文翻译：

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能源转型需要新材料


全球范围内风能和太阳能以及电动汽车等终端使用技术的电力成本不断下降，反映出在用替代能源替代化石燃料方面取得了重大进展。但只有克服众多挑战，才能实现向清洁能源的全面过渡。许多问题可以通过发现提高能源生产和消费效率的新材料来解决；减少对稀缺矿产资源的需求；支持绿色氢、清洁氨和碳中性碳氢燃料的生产。然而，新能源材料的研发并没有像应对气候变化的要求那样积极。