The human digestive system harbors a vast diversity of commensal bacteria and maintains a symbiotic relationship with them. However, imbalances in the gut microbiota accompany various diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colorectal cancers (CRCs), which significantly impact the well‐being of populations globally. Glycosylation of the mucus layer is a crucial factor that plays a critical role in maintaining the homeostatic environment in the gut. This review delves into how the gut microbiota, immune cells, and gut mucus layer work together to establish a balanced gut environment. Specifically, the role of glycosylation in regulating immune cell responses and mucus metabolism in this process is examined.

中文翻译：

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肠道聚糖和微生物群在健康和疾病中的免疫相互作用

人类消化系统拥有种类繁多的共生细菌，并与它们保持共生关系。然而，肠道微生物群的失衡伴随着多种疾病，例如炎症性肠病（IBD）和结直肠癌（CRC），这些疾病严重影响全球人口的福祉。粘液层的糖基化是一个关键因素，在维持肠道稳态环境中发挥着关键作用。这篇综述深入探讨了肠道微生物群、免疫细胞和肠道粘液层如何共同作用以建立平衡的肠道环境。具体来说，检查了糖基化在此过程中调节免疫细胞反应和粘液代谢的作用。