Plant-associated microbiomes play important roles in plant health and productivity. However, despite fruits being directly linked to plant productivity, little is known about the microbiomes of fruits and their potential association with fruit health. Here, by integrating 16S rRNA gene, ITS high-throughput sequencing data and microbiological culturable approaches, we reported that roots and fruits (pods) of peanut, a typical plant that bears fruits underground, recruit different bacterial and fungal communities independently of cropping conditions, and that the incidence of pod disease under monocropping conditions is attributed to the depletion of Bacillus genus and enrichment of Aspergillus genus in geocarposphere. On this basis, we constructed a synthetic community (SynCom) consisting of three Bacillus strains from geocarposphere soil under rotation conditions with high culturable abundance. Comparative transcriptome, microbiome profiling and plant phytohormone signaling analysis reveal that the SynCom exhibited more effective Aspergillus growth inhibition and pod disease control than individual strain, which was underpinned by a combination of molecular mechanisms related to fungal cell proliferation interference, mycotoxins biosynthesis impairment and jasmonic acid-mediated plant immunity activation. Overall, our results reveal the filter effect of plant organs on the microbiome, and that depletion of key protective microbial community promotes the fruit disease incidence.

中文翻译：

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保护性微生物群的耗竭会促进水果病害的发生

植物相关微生物组在植物健康和生产力中发挥着重要作用。然而，尽管水果与植物生产力直接相关，但人们对水果的微生物组及其与水果健康的潜在关系知之甚少。在这里，通过整合16S rRNA基因、ITS高通量测序数据和微生物培养方法，我们报道了花生（一种典型的地下结果植物）的根和果实（豆荚），无论种植条件如何，都能招募不同的细菌和真菌群落，单作条件下荚果病的发生归因于地果圈中芽孢杆菌属的减少和曲霉属的富集。在此基础上，我们构建了一个由来自地果圈土壤的三种芽孢杆菌菌株组成的合成群落（SynCom），该菌株在轮作条件下具有高可培养丰度。比较转录组、微生物组分析和植物激素信号分析表明，SynCom 比单个菌株表现出更有效的曲霉生长抑制和豆荚病害控制，这是由与真菌细胞增殖干扰、霉菌毒素生物合成障碍和茉莉酸相关的分子机制组合支持的。 -介导植物免疫激活。总体而言，我们的结果揭示了植物器官对微生物组的过滤作用，并且关键保护性微生物群落的耗竭会促进水果病害的发生。