Recent studies on the public opinion mechanism of the democratic peace have demonstrated experimentally that democratic citizens are averse to attacking other democracies. The presence of rivalry, however, has long been recognized as one of the important factors contributing to either initiation or recurrence of international conflict. Despite such importance, our understanding remains limited as to how rivalry affects public opinion, particularly in the context of the democratic peace. In this article, we argue that democratic publics’ perception of rivalry weakens the effect of regime type. We expect democratic publics to be less reluctant in terms of fighting other rival democracies. Using an original survey experiment in South Korea, we demonstrate that the South Korean public, similar to those of western democracies, is reluctant to use force against nonrival democracies, but less so against rival democracies. Our findings suggest that the scope of the democratic peace should be qualified.

中文翻译：

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舆论、竞争与民主和平：来自韩国的实验证据

最近对民主和平舆论机制的研究已经通过实验证明，民主公民不愿意攻击其他民主国家。然而，长期以来，竞争的存在一直被认为是导致国际冲突引发或再次发生的重要因素之一。尽管如此重要，但我们对竞争如何影响公众舆论的理解仍然有限，特别是在民主和平的背景下。在本文中，我们认为民主公众对竞争的看法削弱了政体类型的影响。我们预计民主公众在与其他民主对手的斗争中不会那么不情愿。通过在韩国进行的一项原始调查实验，我们证明，与西方民主国家的公众类似，韩国公众不愿意对非竞争性民主国家使用武力，但对竞争性民主国家则不太愿意。我们的研究结果表明，民主和平的范围应该受到限制。