The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical interface separating the central nervous system from the peripheral circulation, ensuring brain homeostasis and function. Recent research has unveiled a profound connection between the BBB and circadian rhythms, the endogenous oscillations synchronizing biological processes with the 24-hour light-dark cycle. This review explores the significance of circadian rhythms in the context of BBB functions, with an emphasis on substrate passage through the BBB. Our discussion includes efflux transporters and the molecular timing mechanisms that regulate their activities. A significant focus of this review is the potential implications of chronotherapy, leveraging our knowledge of circadian rhythms for improving drug delivery to the brain. Understanding the temporal changes in BBB can lead to optimized timing of drug administration, to enhance therapeutic efficacy for neurological disorders while reducing side effects. By elucidating the interplay between circadian rhythms and drug transport across the BBB, this review offers insights into innovative therapeutic interventions.

中文翻译：

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血脑屏障和药物输送的昼夜节律

血脑屏障（BBB）是将中枢神经系统与外周循环分开的关键界面，确保大脑稳态和功能。最近的研究揭示了 BBB 与昼夜节律之间的深刻联系，即使生物过程与 24 小时明暗周期同步的内源性振荡。这篇综述探讨了昼夜节律在 BBB 功能背景下的重要性，重点是底物通过 BBB 的通道。我们的讨论包括外排转运蛋白和调节其活动的分子计时机制。本次综述的一个重要焦点是时间疗法的潜在影响，利用我们对昼夜节律的了解来改善药物向大脑的输送。了解血脑屏障的时间变化可以优化给药时机，提高神经系统疾病的治疗效果，同时减少副作用。通过阐明昼夜节律和跨 BBB 的药物转运之间的相互作用，这篇综述提供了对创新治疗干预措施的见解。