The sub-compartmentalization of cellular processes is especially important in highly polarized cells such as neurons, as their function rely on their complex morphology. The association of RNAs to the mitochondrial surface is a conserved feature from yeast to humans and it regulates several aspects of mitochondrial physiology and, hence, cellular functions. In neurons, mitochondria are emerging as platforms for RNA transport and local protein translation. In this review, we discuss how RNA localization to mitochondria helps to sustain mitochondrial function, and how this can support mitochondrial homeostasis, especially in the distal parts of the neuron, to support neuronal activity.

中文翻译：

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线粒体 RNA 关联对神经元线粒体稳态的作用

细胞过程的亚区室化对于神经元等高度极化的细胞尤其重要，因为它们的功能依赖于其复杂的形态。RNA 与线粒体表面的关联是从酵母到人类的保守特征，它调节线粒体生理学的多个方面，从而调节细胞功能。在神经元中，线粒体正在成为 RNA 运输和局部蛋白质翻译的平台。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 RNA 定位到线粒体如何帮助维持线粒体功能，以及这如何支持线粒体稳态，特别是在神经元的远端部分，以支持神经元活动。