Why do we have social norms—of fairness, cooperation, trust, property, or gender? Modern-day Humeans, as I call them, believe these norms are best accounted for in cultural evolutionary terms, as adaptive solutions to recurrent problems of social interaction. In this paper, I discuss a challenge to this “Humean Program.” Social norms involve widespread behaviors, but also distinctive psychological attitudes and dispositions. According to the challenge, Humean accounts of norms leave their psychological side unexplained. They explain, say, why we share equally, but not why we disapprove of those who don’t. I defend the Humean Program against this challenge. In particular, I suggest an idea for how to extend the Program to account for the psychological side of norms. Socially adaptive behaviors aren’t just likely to emerge in a group; They are also likely to be widely taught within it. The transmission of these behaviors through instruction explains why they are associated with distinctive normative attitudes and dispositions. These attitudes play a pedagogical role in helping transmit these behaviors to children and newcomers.

为什么我们有社会规范——公平、合作、信任、财产或性别？现代休谟主义者，正如我所说的，相信这些规范最好用文化进化的术语来解释，作为社会互动中反复出现的问题的适应性解决方案。在本文中，我讨论了对“休谟计划”的挑战。社会规范涉及广泛的行为，但也涉及独特的心理态度和性格。根据挑战，休谟对规范的解释无法解释其心理方面。他们解释了为什么我们平等分享，但没有解释为什么我们不赞成那些不分享的人。我捍卫休谟计划以应对这一挑战。我特别提出了一个关于如何扩展该计划以考虑规范的心理方面的想法。社会适应行为不仅可能出现在群体中，而且也可能出现在群体中。他们也可能在其中得到广泛的教授。这些行为通过指导的传递解释了为什么它们与独特的规范态度和性格相关。这些态度在帮助将这些行为传递给儿童和新移民方面发挥着教育作用。