Background and Aims Knowledge of quantifiable cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk may improve health outcomes and trigger behavioural change in patients or clinicians. This review aimed to investigate the impact of CVD risk communication on patient-perceived CVD risk and changes in CVD risk factors. Methods PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched from inception to 6 June 2023, supplemented by citation analysis. Randomized trials that compared any CVD risk communication strategy versus usual care were included. Paired reviewers independently screened the identified records and extracted the data; disagreements were resolved by a third author. The primary outcome was the accuracy of risk perception. Secondary outcomes were clinician-reported changes in CVD risk, psychological responses, intention to modify lifestyle, and self-reported changes in risk factors and clinician prescribing of preventive medicines. Results Sixty-two trials were included. Accuracy of risk perception was higher among intervention participants (odds ratio = 2.31, 95% confidence interval = 1.63 to 3.27). A statistically significant improvement in overall CVD risk scores was found at 6–12 months (mean difference = −0.27, 95% confidence interval = −0.45 to −0.09). For primary prevention, risk communication significantly increased self-reported dietary modification (odds ratio = 1.50, 95% confidence interval = 1.21 to 1.86) with no increase in intention or actual changes in smoking cessation or physical activity. A significant impact on patients’ intention to start preventive medication was found for primary and secondary prevention, with changes at follow-up for the primary prevention group. Conclusions In this systematic review and meta-analysis, communicating CVD risk information, regardless of the method, reduced the overall risk factors and enhanced patients’ self-perceived risk. Communication of CVD risk to patients should be considered in routine consultations.

中文翻译：

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心血管疾病风险沟通和预防：荟萃分析

背景和目标 了解可量化的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险可以改善健康结果并引发患者或临床医生的行为改变。本综述旨在探讨CVD风险沟通对患者认知CVD风险和CVD危险因素变化的影响。方法 对 PubMed、Embase 和 PsycINFO 数据库进行检索，时间范围从建库到 2023 年 6 月 6 日，并辅以引文分析。其中包括比较任何 CVD 风险沟通策略与常规护理的随机试验。配对评审员独立筛选已识别的记录并提取数据；分歧由第三位作者解决。主要结果是风险认知的准确性。次要结局是临床医生报告的 CVD 风险变化、心理反应、改变生活方式的意愿以及自我报告的危险因素变化和临床医生处方预防药物的变化。结果 纳入了 62 项试验。干预参与者的风险感知准确性较高（比值比 = 2.31，95% 置信区间 = 1.63 至 3.27）。6-12 个月时，总体 CVD 风险评分出现统计学显着改善（平均差 = -0.27，95% 置信区间 = -0.45 至 -0.09）。对于一级预防，风险沟通显着增加了自我报告的饮食调整（比值比 = 1.50，95% 置信区间 = 1.21 至 1.86），但戒烟或体力活动的意图或实际变化没有增加。一级预防和二级预防对患者开始预防性药物治疗的意愿有显着影响，一级预防组的随访发生了变化。结论 在这项系统回顾和荟萃分析中，无论采用何种方法，传达 CVD 风险信息都可以减少总体风险因素并增强患者的自我感知风险。在常规咨询中应考虑向患者传达 CVD 风险。