Background and Aims Air pollutants are important contributors to cardiovascular diseases, but associations between long-term exposure to air pollutants and the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are still unknown. Methods This study was conducted using a sample of 449 463 participants from the UK Biobank. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of AAA incidence associated with long-term exposure to air pollutants were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model with time-varying exposure measurements. Additionally, the cumulative incidence of AAA was calculated by using the Fine and Grey sub-distribution hazards regression model. Furthermore, this study investigated the combined effects and interactions between air pollutants exposure and genetic predisposition in relation to the risk of AAA onset. Results Long-term exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm [PM2.5, 1.21 (1.16, 1.27)], particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <10 µm [PM10, 1.21 (1.16, 1.27)], nitrogen dioxide [NO2, 1.16 (1.11, 1.22)], and nitrogen oxides [NOx, 1.10 (1.05, 1.15)] was found to be associated with an elevated risk of AAA onset. The detrimental effects of air pollutants persisted even in participants with low-level exposure. For the joint associations, participants with both high levels of air pollutants exposure and high genetic risk had a higher risk of developing AAA compared with those with low concentrations of pollutants exposure and low genetic risk. The respective risk estimates for AAA incidence were 3.18 (2.46, 4.12) for PM2.5, 3.09 (2.39, 4.00) for PM10, 2.41 (1.86, 3.13) for NO2, and 2.01 (1.55, 2.61) for NOx. Conclusions In this study, long-term air pollutants exposure was associated with an increased risk of AAA incidence.

中文翻译：

---

空气污染物、遗传易感性和腹主动脉瘤风险：一项前瞻性研究

背景和目的空气污染物是心血管疾病的重要诱因，但长期接触空气污染物与腹主动脉瘤（AAA）风险之间的关系仍不清楚。方法 这项研究使用来自英国生物银行的 449 463 名参与者样本进行。使用 Cox 比例风险模型和随时间变化的暴露测量来估计与长期暴露于空气污染物相关的 AAA 发病风险的风险比和 95% 置信区间。此外，使用精细和灰色子分布风险回归模型计算 AAA 的累积发生率。此外，本研究还调查了空气污染物暴露和遗传倾向之间与 AAA 发病风险相关的综合影响和相互作用。结果 长期暴露于空气动力学直径<2.5μm的颗粒物[PM2.5,1.21(1.16,1.27)]、空气动力学直径<10μm的颗粒物[PM10,1.21(1.16,1.27)]、研究发现二氧化氮 [NO2, 1.16 (1.11, 1.22)] 和氮氧化物 [NOx, 1.10 (1.05, 1.15)] 与 AAA 发病风险升高相关。即使对于低水平暴露的参与者来说，空气污染物的有害影响仍然持续存在。在联合协会中，与低浓度污染物暴露和低遗传风险的参与者相比，高空气污染物暴露水平和高遗传风险的参与者患AAA的风险更高。AAA发生率的风险估计值分别为：PM2.5为3.18（2.46，4.12），PM10为3.09（2.39，4.00），NO2为2.41（1.86，3.13），NOx为2.01（1.55，2.61）。结论 在这项研究中，长期接触空气污染物与 AAA 发病风险增加相关。