Discrete Global Grid Systems (DGGSs) employ uniform cells for hierarchical Earth surface representation. However, prevalent software systems stemming from DGGS only focus on grid centers and lack the modeling of vertices and edges, which hindering efficient geospatial data computation and analysis. Consequently, we propose a novel mathematical model for hexagonal centers, vertices and edges of an icosahedral DGGS and provide corresponding hierarchical indexing methods and conversion rules with respect to integer coordinates. The proposed method was incorporated into the open-source software DGGRID, thereby enhancing its capabilities by integrating data fusion into the computation framework and expanding its application scope. The results show that the introduction of multi-structural elements could lead to higher-precision modeling of raster and vector data.

离散全球网格系统 (DGGS) 采用统一单元来表示分层的地球表面。然而，基于DGGS的流行软件系统仅关注网格中心，缺乏顶点和边的建模，这阻碍了高效的地理空间数据计算和分析。因此，我们提出了一种新的二十面体DGGS的六边形中心、顶点和边的数学模型，并提供了相应的层次索引方法和整数坐标的转换规则。该方法被纳入开源软件DGGRID中，通过将数据融合集成到计算框架中来增强其能力，扩大其应用范围。结果表明，引入多结构元素可以实现更高精度的栅格和矢量数据建模。