Noise affects people of all ages. Noise-induced hearing loss, a major problem for adults, is also a problem for young people. Sensorineural hearing loss is usually irreversible. Environmental noise, such as traffic noise, can affect learning, physiologic parameters, sleep, and quality of life. Children and adolescents have unique vulnerabilities. Infants and young children must rely on adults to remove them from noisy situations; children may not recognize hazardous noise exposures; teenagers often do not understand consequences of high exposure to music from personal listening devices or attending concerts and dances. Personal listening devices are increasingly used, even by small children. Environmental noise has disproportionate effects on underserved communities. This statement and its accompanying technical report review common sources and effects of noise as well as specific pediatric exposures. Because noise exposure often starts in infancy and effects are cumulative, more attention to noise in everyday activities is needed starting early in life. Pediatricians can potentially lessen harms by raising awareness of children's specific vulnerabilities to noise. Safer listening is possible. Noise exposure is underrecognized as a serious public health issue in the United States. Greater awareness of noise hazards is needed at a societal level.

中文翻译：

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防止婴儿、儿童和青少年过度接触噪音。

噪音影响各个年龄段的人。噪音引起的听力损失是成年人的一个主要问题，也是年轻人的一个问题。感音神经性听力损失通常是不可逆转的。环境噪音，例如交通噪音，会影响学习、生理参数、睡眠和生活质量。儿童和青少年具有独特的脆弱性。婴幼儿必须依靠成人将其带离嘈杂的环境；儿童可能无法识别危险的噪音暴露；青少年通常不理解通过个人聆听设备或参加音乐会和舞会大量接触音乐的后果。个人收听设备的使用越来越多，甚至连小孩子也是如此。环境噪音对服务不足的社区有着不成比例的影响。本声明及其随附的技术报告审查了噪音的常见来源和影响以及特定的儿科暴露。由于噪声暴露通常从婴儿期开始，并且影响是累积的，因此需要从生命早期开始更多地关注日常活动中的噪声。儿科医生可以通过提高人们对儿童对噪音的特殊脆弱性的认识来减少伤害。更安全的聆听是可能的。在美国，噪音暴露作为一个严重的公共卫生问题并未得到充分认识。社会层面需要提高对噪音危害的认识。