npj Quantum Information ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 , DOI: 10.1038/s41534-023-00783-9 Zihao Li , Huangjun Zhu , Masahito Hayashi
Blind quantum computation (BQC) is a secure quantum computation method that protects the privacy of clients. Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a promising approach for realizing BQC. To obtain reliable results in blind MBQC, it is crucial to verify whether the resource graph states are accurately prepared in the adversarial scenario. However, previous verification protocols for this task are too resource-consuming or noise-susceptible to be applied in practice. Here, we propose a robust and efficient protocol for verifying arbitrary graph states with any prime local dimension in the adversarial scenario, which leads to a robust and efficient protocol for verifying the resource state in blind MBQC. Our protocol requires only local Pauli measurements and is thus easy to realize with current technologies. Nevertheless, it can achieve optimal scaling behaviors with respect to the system size and the target precision as quantified by the infidelity and significance level, which has never been achieved before. Notably, our protocol can exponentially enhance the scaling behavior with the significance level.
中文翻译:
基于盲测量的量子计算中图状态的稳健且高效的验证
盲量子计算(BQC)是一种保护客户隐私的安全量子计算方法。基于测量的量子计算(MBQC)是实现 BQC 的一种有前景的方法。为了在盲 MBQC 中获得可靠的结果,验证在对抗场景中是否准确准备资源图状态至关重要。然而,之前用于此任务的验证协议过于消耗资源或容易受到噪声影响,无法在实践中应用。在这里,我们提出了一种鲁棒且高效的协议,用于在对抗场景中验证具有任何主要局部维度的任意图状态,这导致了一种鲁棒且高效的协议,用于验证盲 MBQC 中的资源状态。我们的协议仅需要本地泡利测量,因此很容易用当前技术实现。尽管如此,它可以在系统规模和通过不保真度和显着性水平量化的目标精度方面实现最佳缩放行为,这是以前从未实现过的。值得注意的是,我们的协议可以以指数方式增强显着性水平的缩放行为。